Celiac Disease

The only way to manage celiac disease is to eliminate gluten from your diet. This can relieve your symptoms and help your small intestine heal. Your doctor might refer you to a registered dietitian who can help you plan balanced meals and get the nutrients you need.

Read labels carefully and watch out for products containing gluten, including food, supplements, drinks and cosmetics. A wide range of products are labeled gluten-free, which means they contain less than 20 parts per million of gluten. That level is generally safe to eat if you have celiac disease, but monitor your symptoms to be sure even small amounts are suitable.

If you struggle with gastrointestinal symptoms, such as constipation and diarrhea, make sure you eat enough fiber and drink plenty of water.

Your doctor can advise you about support groups in your area. This can be a good way to connect, share experiences and combat isolation.

There is no medication for celiac disease that can replace a strict gluten-free diet. However, your doctor can prescribe medications and supplements to alleviate uncomfortable symptoms and treat nutritional deficiencies or related conditions.

Medications your doctor may prescribe include:

• Antibiotics: These are commonly prescribed in pill or gel form to treat dermatitis. Other options are sulfapyridine and other sulfonamide drugs.
• Bone-building medications: Celiac disease can result in loss of bone density, so your doctor might recommend bisphosphonates or other medications to manage your risk for osteoporosis.
• Immunosuppressants: These work by preventing the immune system from overreacting. Your doctor may recommend them if you have refractory celiac disease.

Because celiac disease damages your small intestine, it can make it harder for your body to absorb important nutrients like iron, calcium, vitamin D and B vitamins. This can lead to deficiencies that cause symptoms like fatigue, bone weakness or anemia. To help, your doctor may recommend taking vitamin and mineral supplements. These supplements can fill in the gaps and support your overall health while your intestine heals.

It’s important to talk with your doctor before starting any supplements, so they can recommend the right types and doses for you. Taking too much of certain vitamins can sometimes cause side effects. Your doctor might also order blood tests to check your nutrient levels and adjust supplements as needed.

Managing celiac disease is a long-term process that requires regular follow-up with your healthcare team. Even after switching to a gluten-free diet, your doctor will want to monitor your progress and overall health. This usually involves regular checkups and blood tests to make sure your intestine is healing and your nutrient levels are improving.

Ongoing care can also help catch any complications early, such as other autoimmune conditions or bone thinning. Your doctor may adjust your treatment plan if your symptoms change or if you develop new health concerns.

Staying connected with your healthcare team, including your doctor and dietitian, helps keep you on track and supports a healthier life with celiac disease.